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Alcoholism comes in various forms.There is your typical alcoholic that drinks every day all day and gets nothing done. There is also the alcoholic who drinks all the time but can hold a steady job.Then there is another type of alcoholic, the binge drinker, which is the most common drinking pattern in colleges. This form of alcoholism has gotten a lot of attention as of late.The reason for the sudden attention is because of the recent deaths and near deaths in college students. Aside from deaths, there are many serious consequences of binge drinking.To help stop the rising death rate and other alcohol related problems, colleges are pushing preventive and treatment measures with limited success to date.
In 14 when the first thorough study of college drinking was made, undergraduates drank no more than others their age, and college life did not encourage excessive "tippling" (Thompson 6).In 1 at Rutgers University a young man died at a fraternity initiation party from consuming more than twenty shots of alcohol in less than an hour (Nathan 15). This incident triggered an interest in binge drinking in colleges and also in the role the fraternities play in promoting heavy drinking. In 1 Henry Wechsler, PhD, the Director of College Alcohol Studies at the Harvard School of Public Health conducted a survey of drinking pattern in a nationally representative sample of college students.It was the first study that took into consideration gender differences.Binge drinking was defined as the consumption of five or more drinks for men in a row and four or more for women in the row at least once in the two weeks preceding the survey (Wechsler 167). Overall 44% of the students were binge drinkers.Many colleges started to implement preventive measures at that point. Wechsler repeated his study in 17 and 1.The results stayed the same. Overall 44% of the college students are still binge drinkers, but in 1 drinking on college campuses continued a trend toward becoming more strongly polarized almost 1 in 5 students (1%) was an abstainer, and almost 1 in 4 (%) was a frequent binge drinker, both groups representing an increase from previous surveys (15% and 1% respectively in 1).
For the binge drinkers the intensity of their drinking increased significantly between 1 and 1.In 1, a greater percentage of both male and female students drank on 10 or more occasions; usually binged when they drank; were drunk three or more times in the past month; and drank to get drunk (Wechsler 10).The same type of students, the fraternity or sorority house residents and members of Greek organizations, and students who were white, male and were binge drinkers in high school had the highest rate of binge drinking in 1 and stayed the same in 17 and 1 (Wechsler 14).
Why do these college students still drink this way even though colleges started many preventive measures and programs, and many students still die from binge drinking?Some of the deaths are highly publicized, students know about them in all colleges. While no one counts the number of college students who die from alcohol use, Dr. David Anderson of George Mason University in Fairfax, VA, estimates that at least 50 die a year (Thompson 65).
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There are many reasons why college students drink.Many college students started to develop a pattern of binge drinking in high school, and they just continued the already established behavior (Weschler 1677). Some students drink like this every day, others drink like this two or three times a week.Fraternity and sorority initiation parties are where the binge drinking is the most rampant, although there are other occasions to party too.College students seem to be driven to this type of behavior.Many feel that these are my college years, and I need to start partying. Peer pressure is another contributing factor to this type of alcoholism. Lot of them consider drinking as "cool", and it gives them a sense of belonging to a group.
Another contributing factor is that college students can usually get drinks very cheaply in community bars, or by paying a small cover charge and then you get all you can drink (Thompson 67). Another reason is that drinking traditionally occupied a unique place in campus life.On many campuses, drinking behavior that would elsewhere be classified as alcohol abuse maybe socially acceptable or even socially attractive despite the documented implication in automobile crashes, violence, suicide, and high-risk sexual behavior (Wechsler 1677).For many students this is the first time that they are away from home, away from their parents and their warning against the evils of alcohol (Nathan ).Many college students drink because of genetic predisposition, parental drinking practices, or even birth order(Mayer ).
Another problem is that college binge drinkers don't see themselves as having a problem with alcohol (Wechsler 15).They see it as having a good time enjoying the college experience.But recent surveys have concluded that these binge drinkers have an alcohol problem or an alcohol problem in the making.These binge drinkers have classic denial (Nathan 17). What they don't realize is that they do can injure or kill either themselves or others.Recent surveys in 1 and again in 1 by Harvard's Public Health Department concluded that frequent binge drinkers are much more likely to experience serious health and other consequences than non-binge drinkers or abstainers.They have hangovers, do something they regret, miss a class, drop out of college, get hurt, or hurt someone, engage in unplanned and/or unprotected sex, get into trouble with campus or local police, and drive after they had drank (Wechsler 1677).These college students who do this don't even think twice about half the things they do. They still say that it's all in good fun.
Binge drinkers do not only cause problems for themselves but also for other students, which is considered the second hand effect of binge drinking. Examples are loss of sleep, not being able to study, or having to care for a drunk roommate (Wechsler 1676).
College administrators, staff and even the students are much more aware of the problem than in the past.Preventive measures are becoming the norm at colleges since Wechsler did the first survey of college binge drinking.Many are offering substance free housing, extensive education on alcoholism and counseling.Also, 8% of the colleges in the survey prohibited keg deliveries to dormitories.Many colleges started to implement restrictions on alcohol sales at intercollegiate sporting events, restriction on alcohol advertising, and are assigning a certain individual that is in charge of issues related to alcohol and drug abuse (Wechsler 4). Despite all these measures it is surprising that the overall binge drinking rate in colleges did not decrease from 1 to 1, and that the percent of the heavy binge drinkers is up.Some colleges are also looking for community support so underage students would not be able to purchase alcohol at all.
In conclusion I think that colleges are doing a pretty good job in trying to keep the problem under somewhat control.But you can't control a person or the way a person was brought up.So for some students its just life as they see it everyday since youth because their parents were alcoholics, or some kids just started drinking early to cope with their problems.It is difficult to get something that they just know as regular and put the label on it and expect that everyone changes over to abstinence.Not all will be able to get help but the ones that do should count to the colleges' efforts. I believe they should cut down alcohol advertisements in college areas, and they should make a seminar that all the students are required to attend and get some up front information about what happens when you binge drink. They might also try to promote alcohol free activities and have different types of college events where you are not allowed to drink or go to get drunk.
Maybe we go about this all the wrong way and instead of breathing down all college students' necks, we should try to look deeper for the answer.Start to research what makes these kids drink more from their own mouths. Since many binge drinkers started in high school, working with high schools should reduce the problem of binge drinking in college.The most serious offenders should be referred to treatment centers, and even be expelled them from college.The traditions of the fraternities and sororities should be changed also to reduce binge drinking.The goal is to change the norm of college drinking, but it will take time.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
·Howard, George S., and Peter E. Nathan ed. Alcohol Use and Misuse by
Young Adults. Notre Dame University of Notre Dame Press, 14.
·Mayer, John E., and William J. Filstead. Adolescence and Alcohol.
Cambridge Ballinger Publishing Company, 180.
·Wechsler, Henry, PhD., et al. "Health and Behavioral Consequences of
Binge Drinking in College." Journal of the American Medical Association 7 Dec.14 167-1677.
·Thompson, J.J. "Plugging the Kegs." U.S. News and World Report
6 Jan. 18 6-67.
·Wechsler, Henry, PhD., et al. "College Binge Drinking in the 10's A
Continuing Problem." Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study. 6 Apr. 001.http//www.hsph.harvard.edu/cas/rpt000/CAS000rpt.html
·Wechsler, Henry, PhD., et al. "What Colleges Are Doing About Student
Binge Drinking." Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study. 8 April 001.
http//www.hsph.harvard.edu/cas/alcohol/surveyrpt.html
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