Explore the representation of gender in the films 'Bend it Like Beckham' and 'Billy Elliot'

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From films and the media we are given stereotypes. The films Billy Elliot and Bend it Like Beckham challenge these stereotypes. The stereotypes that we see in the films include male ballet dancers being gay; women can't play football and should do feminine things. These are challenged by the two main characters Billy, a male ballet dancer and Jess, a female footballer. The two films also have strong cultural roots that are challenged, as Billy is from a working class northern background where ballet dancing is traditionally thought to be upper class and that male ballet dancers were gay or camp. Jess is from a traditional Indian family where women are meant to cook and stay in the home, not go and disgrace the family by playing football, traditionally a man's game.

In the film Billy Elliot, Billy's dad has very distinct Ideas about what boys should do for sports and hobbies. 'Manly' sports like boxing are what boys should do "not friggin' ballet" as his dad says. Billy's dad may object to his son going to ballet because he is going on the stereotypical view that all male ballet dancers are gay and he does not want his son to be gay. Billy reassures his dad when he says, "Just because I like ballet, doesn't mean I'm a poof you know!"

In the film Bend it like Beckham there are two pushing parents. Jess' dad and Jules' mother. Jess' parents would like for her to stay in school and get a good job like becoming a lawyer and become a big part in family life. Jess wants this too but she also wants to play football. Football in her parents' eyes is wrong for her to do. This is because they have a stereotypical view of women's football. They might think that other Indian families would judge their family if Jess is not traditional and does something new or out of the ordinary. I think that this is because in Indian culture conformity is a big thing.

Indian parents usually have very distinct ideas about what their children should do but this may be a stereotypical view from me!

Jules' Mother also has a stereotypical view of female sports too. She believes that female sports women are lesbians and do not have boyfriends. She says to Jules "Just remember there is a reason why sporty spice is the only one without a fellow"

This is indicating that men are not attracted to sporty women, which is not always true.

The view of Indian families being traditional and conformist is shown in Bend it like Beckham when Tony tells Jess that he is gay. Jess replies "But….but you're Indian!" This confirms that being Indian and being different is a bigger issue than being gay. Which is usually the issue in western community. Tony is the only sensitive male in the film and he is gay apart from Joe. This is another stereotype that young straight men are not sensitive.

Billy's dad is a very interesting character in the film as he, at first, has extremely stereotypical views on ballet and is strongly against Billy continuing to do ballet. So much so that he beats Billy and Billy has to secretly go to ballet without his dad's permission. Later on in the film we see Billy's dad supporting him in his ballet to the extreme that he goes back to work in the mine and betrays his work colleges by becoming a 'scab'. He does this so that he can pay for Billy to go to London to audition at the Ballet school. This huge U-turn made by Billy's dad happens when Billy stands up to his dad and dances in front of him in the gym hall. His dad storms off and on his way home he realises that the stereotypical view he had of ballet dancers 'prancing' around is wrong and that Billy really does have a lot of talent. He also realises that his older son Tony now has a poor job and is very violent. Maybe he discouraged Tony when he was young and he does not want to make the same mistake with Billy.

This same change in character happens to Jess' dad. He is completely against his daughter playing football and we learn at the end of the film why. When Jess' dad first came to England he was a great cricket player and when he played he was discriminated against because of his race and because he was different. Since then he had never played cricket again. He was worried that Jess may get the same treatment and suffer like this. He changed his view when he watched Jess play football and be a big part of the team.

Both the films are set within strong cultural or social backgrounds. In Bend it like Beckham Jess and Tony have problems being themselves because of the Indian culture of conformity and tradition. In Billy Elliot both Billy and his best friend Michael have problems expressing themselves because of the hard northern, working class society. Tony and Michael cannot show their true sexuality due to pressure from their social groups. Jess is unable to express herself by doing what she loves because in the Indian culture women are to conform to normal traditions. Jules also has problems in Bend it like Beckham because her mother wants her to be a 'proper' girl by wearing skirts and trying to get a boyfriend instead of wearing tracksuit bottoms and playing football.

Music is used a lot in both films. In Bend it like Beckham music is often used to show the contrast between the Indian and western cultures. This is shown when Jess is playing in the football final and it is the build up to the penalty while Binky's wedding is celebrated. The two pieces of music help show the mixed cultural and social backgrounds that Jess has.

In Billy Elliot the music is also very important. At the start of Billy Elliot, Billy is dancing on his brother's bed listening to a Marc Bolan record. Marc Bolan was a 'Glam' rock artist who wore make-up etc. I think that this music at the start is linked with the theme of sexuality and some men being different to hard, cold northern 'lads'. Also it is linked to right at the end of the film when Michael is dressed as a woman. While the riot between the miners and the police is going on the music is very hard punk music, which is stereotypically linked to violence. This emphasises the point of rage and anger shown by the striking miners.

When Billy is angry at his family for fighting with his ballet teacher we see him dancing very fast, showing his raw emotion of anger. This is accompanied by fast angry music that is the complete opposite of normal, soft ballet music. This contrast shows Billy's conflicting home and ballet environments. At the end of the film the dramatic music of Swan Lake builds up to a climax just before Billy leaps onto the stage as an adult. This builds up the tension and is showing how all of the stress that Billy has had to cope with are unleashed when he dances. The music in both films is used to convey feelings of the characters. For example when Billy is sad and talking to his dead mother the music has a soft and sad style.

Scene cutting is used in the films to great effect. The two main time that it is used is during the Indian wedding / football final and in Billy Elliot while the striking minors are picketing / Billy at ballet class.

The main effect that this fast scene cutting is it shows the great contrast between the characters at one certain time. In the case of Billy Elliot it also shows what the real world is compared to what Billy would like it to be, aggressive and distressed, to calm and peaceful.

In the case of Bend it like Beckham the scene cutting shows the emotions of Jess and Binky. They are both ecstatic at the same time but for completely different reasons. It all comes to a climax when Binky is lifted up being the new bride, while Jess is lifted up by her team-mates for scoring the winning goal in the cup final.

Camera angles and length of shot vary in the films to show different emotions or points of view. In Bend it like Beckham the long shots are mostly used when Jess is playing football so when she runs she stays in shot without the camera having to move a great deal. Close-up shots of the footballers running help show the speed that they are running at as the background blurs and moves really quickly. Close-up shots show the detail and skill the footballers are using when they are playing. Close-up shots also show emotion like when Jess is just about to take the penalty. We can see her nervousness and the fear in her face because of a close-up shot. In contrast, long shots can show mood or feelings in scenes. In Billy Elliot a long shot is used when Billy's ballet teacher is in the gym waiting for him. It shows that the teacher is alone and disappointed that Billy has not turned up. The room that she is in is dark and gloomy making it look very spiritual and meaningful. Close-up shots in Billy Elliot show the detail of his ballet dancing when it focuses on his feet. They also show the exertion and determination on Billy's face when he is dancing.

I think that both the films do help to challenge stereotypes and prejudices. I think it has made me more aware of the troubles stereotypes and prejudice can cause people. The scene I liked best in Billy Elliot was the one where Billy was dancing down the street on his way home. I liked this one as I thought it showed Billy's raw passion and desire to dance. In Bend it like Beckham the scene I liked most was the scene at the end when Jess' father and Joe were playing cricket. I thought that this showed that people can overcome their prejudices and that Jess' dad had mastered his boyhood rejection and was now doing what he loved to do. If I could change some points in the film I would change how the ending of Billy Elliot so that we got to see more of the adult Billy dancing. This would show the audience that Billy and his family had completely overcome their original prejudices.

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Australia's Republic

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Australia's Republic Debate

Hypothesis- As Australia prospers as a nation the debate to change from its current status of a constitutional monarchy to a Republic increasingly gains momentum. However, the 1 referendum showed the majority of Australians don't support this change and as John Howard an avowed monarchist colloquially argues "If it it's not broken, don't fix it". (_____) Australia should stop arguing this issue and move forward as we have done so well in the past.

Introduction-

In 101 Australia's separate colonies united under a constitutional monarchy embracing our independence while still respecting the cultural ties with Britain. The evolution of Australia from British colony to independent nation has seen many amendments to the constitution including The Australian Act 186, Statute of Westminster and oath of citizenship. The Australian Republic Movement (ARM) established in 1 by Labour Prime Minister Paul Keating argues Australia should accelerate towards a Republic despite the process is with far reaching ramifications and without substantial gains. Since the early 100's the pro- republic stance after 10 years advocates Australians to adopt an unclarified alternative and as Kerry Jones states, "accept an unstable system that is complex and deeply flawed". (Article) Therefore, it can be seen that Australia's constitutional monarchy that has matured to be a unique and effectively Australia's system of government be continued to serve us in the future as it has in the past.Write my Essay on Australia's Republic cheap

In 18 a $5 million constitutional Convention comprising of 15 delegates agreed on a sole preposition (Appendix 1) being of minimal constitutional change in order for Australia to proclaim Republic. As a consequence of John Howard's ultimatum various Republican models were not explored. In I a constitutional referendum costing $55 million, 54.87% of Australians voted against replacing the Queen and Governor General with a President who would be appointed by a two third majority of the members of the Commonwealth and, 60.60% of Australian voted against an insertion of a preamble into the constitution. (Appendix ) The defeated referendum result contradicted the opinion shown in polls earlier (Appendix 1) that the majority of Australians supported a Republic.It seems in theory Australians want a Republic, albeit in practise active republicans have always been a minority.

The path to a Republic debate now has little chance of being successful without John Howard's support and when only 8 referendums out of 4 to change the constitution have succeeded. Australian's are sceptical. Les Murray a Republican, has said Australians won't vote for a republic unless they trust it and 'they sure can't trust the one they are being offered at the moment (Australian 0 September 1) Not only has the Republic debate divided Australia, it has divided republican's themselves. (Appendix 5) " Put any two Republicans together and they will disagree on what a republic entails" (The Defender Issue 1 May 1 page ) Considering, a clarified and vague republican model has been the sole proposition it is better to protect what Australia knows has already worked. To introduce an undefined Republican model Australians may possibly condemn future generations to live under an inferior system of government. A republican model must be analysed before being implemented and not after. Considering, this republican model is a blueprint it in Australia's best interests to stay a constitutional monarchy.

The ARM aimed to make minimum constitutional changes necessary to achieve a viable Federal Republic of Australia. Therefore, it's as if Australia need sacrifice nothing in terms of the integrity of our present political institutions and the idea that a Republic is just a change in tittle. At the same time the Republicans argue, 'Australia needs to become a republic to demonstrate its independence, identity, and maturity.'(Mark Mc Kenna http//www.republic.org.au)Australia has by far demonstrated to have cut the umbilical cord from the motherland and formed a mature independent identity while still respecting out traditional means. "Under our system of government Australia long ago achieved complete independence symbolised by the Queens title being changed, by her own consent and by Act of the Australian Parliament, to Queen of Australia." (http//www.norepublic.com.au/) Appropriate amendments to the constitution have reflected the shift in Australian society and kept up to date with the times. In 14 the oath of allegiance was amended to remove reference to the Crown (Appendix ) to reflect core values in Australia. The Australian Act 186, condensed the Queens power in Australia and proclaimed that "the United Kingdom parliament now has no legislative authority whatsoever in respect of Australia" (www.alphalink.com.au) Furthermore, the role of the Governor General a rather ceremonial position has changed from being formally a Queens's representative appointed by the British government, into an Australian appointed by the PM who takes advice from Australian Ministers. Australia's governor general, Guy Green from Tasmania was only recently nominated by the Prime Minister. By becoming a Republic would not be an affirmation of our nationhood as we already play an independent role. The fact Australia held the Olympic games, raises their own army and diplomatic corps, engages in their own foreign affairs, treaties, determines alone their future and makes decisions eg going to Vietnam War without Britain, proves Australian's independence from Britain. The Commonwealth is part of our history and constitutional development that serves proudly as out own. The Republicans major argument that Australia is not independence does not exist.

The Republicans have failed to consider the intricate ramifications of an Australian Republic and even what shape the new constitution should take.At the constitutional convention in 1 no assessment of such developments were proposed and central answers are overlooked.While Republicans want to replace the Queen the enormous implication of doing so are not manufactured and new institutional foundations and restrictions of the new office established. By removing the Queen new offices must be devised and complicated mechanisms implemented. Becoming a Republic raises issues that are still not answered such as; what will become of Crown land, a resolution to the position of the states, who will be the new president, method of appointment, length of tenure, power restrictions and importantly how will be president be appointed. " A president selected by the Prime Minister would lack democratic legitimacy; a president elected by the people would have more authority than a Prime minister elected by MP's". (Quote) This de position power inturn can cause struggles for power, feasible political deadlock and mean enormous alterations to the constitution. Additionally, the Australian states individually have their own monarchist constitution and in the event of become a Republic it is unclear if monarchies remain and, if not what is required to bring them into conformity with a republican Commonwealth.It can be seen that the Republican movement is far from an improvement from a constitutional monarchy.A major flaw is that the model ignores to even recognise reconciliation, an essential component of any future republic."To declare a republic that failed to embrace reconciliation as one of it's founding principles would not be a republic at all- nor would it be a Republic would having" (Mark Mc Kenna) Australia should vote No to Republic that does not answer Australia's needs and will be extremely costly financially, and emotionally. If we became a Republic the Republican advisory Committee estimated in 14 the election for a president would cost $45 million minimum each time. The constitutional monarchy should be accepted to incur no further financial costs to taxpayers on the Republican issue. The Federal Parliament's time without doubt could be better spent debating more relevant and crucial issues.

In practise Australia is a Republic in every sense worth worrying about, the constitution derives from the people, the government is democratically elected and the PM answers to parliament. In an Advisory Committee's report stated Australia is a 'crowned' Republic.

The Queen, Elizabeth II is a leading figurehead as her political responsibilities and power is very limited. In Australian she is evident on Australia's money and far from foreign as she's in the papers and television. There is a generation of Australian's that take great pride in the constitution and respectably admire the Queen. (Appendix _)The Queens is an educated faithful monarch who republican admit is more appropriate for the job. "quote".Economically a Governor General would cost far more than a Queens who only has her security paid for when in Australia. The Queens still has a place in our democratic society and to replace the Queens would create enormous upheaval with no advantage.

Implications

It is the Governor- General, and not the Queen, who exercise the powers of the Head of State, so that becoming a republic means money, time lost on a constitutional re-write that will give us what we already have. "If the republicans are right and nothing will really change, why bother? If, on the other hand, they're playing down the extent of flow-on changes, why take the risk'? (Quote) Republican base their argument on the need to being independent and have an Australian as head of state but when we already have both there is no reason to risk changing.

Conclusion

The republican movement may be an inevitable event in Australia's with a welcoming future generation. It is important to maintain an open mind to different Republican models. It is not out of the question undertake radical amendments to their constitutions it must be remembered in the 180's the dramatically changes turned out to be a successful constitution. It seems in theory Australians want a republic but not in practise, until terms offered are clarified and understood. There is a low level of public understanding on the matter and a number of hurdles to jump before Australia can even comp template implementing a Republican model. It's only when political division is ironed out and society gains the real Republican agenda a referendum would be of no success.

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The last game

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On a cool, brisk day in November, the air surrounding Dickinson Field was charged with energy and anticipation. This was it. This was what the fans, the players, and the coaches had been waiting for all year, waiting for for? all four years of high school. This was the Illinois state high school football semifinals. Hinsdale Central had only made it this far once in the past fifty years.

The day began at eleven in the morning. The high school parking lots began overflowing with the most dedicated and spirited fans. Trunks opened and people started to light their small grills and pop open Cokes. The air smelled of charcoal and burnt burgers, and gradually the parking lot began to fill up more and more. My friends and I, the high school students, stood around talking, laughing, and arguing about the chances of winning. The small children ran around the parking lot, and were yelled at frequently by their parents to stay away from cars. There was still an hour until the gates would open and people would rush into the stands to claim their seats. The time passed quickly, and by 110 P.M. the neighborhood surrounding the school was overcrowded with cars, and cars slowly driving down the streets hoping to find a parking spot.

It was an overcast day as my friends and I walked past our school's two football practice fields and the tennis courts. I had spent many hours on the tennis courts closest to the practice fields during my time on the team, listening to the whistles of the football coaches, drills being called, and the thumps and grunts of bodies hitting each other. As I remembered all the good times I had spent watching practice through the fence, my stomach tightened with the nervousness and anxiety as I realized this could be my last high school football game.

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My friends and I had to wait in line to pay the three dollars to enter the field. We rushed to the bleachers, hoping no one would dare try and take the front row. It was assumed that we would get the best seats. After all, we were the most committed fans and those were our friends out on the field. During the past three years of high school football, I had not missed a game. Fall passed quickly at my school because everyone looked forward to the upcoming Friday night game. When I was standing in the heat of August or the freezing air of early November with traces of snowflakes in the air, I never wanted to be anywhere else. Looking out on the field that day, I felt an overwhelming sense of pride for the players, coaches, and our school. Over the four years of high school,I had become close with many of the players, I knew most of the plays, and most of all, I knew how hard they worked to win.

My friends, who were not players on the team, were all in the stands with me that chilly November day. At first we sat all squished together in the first two rows of the student section. We were freezing and the cold metal bleachers made us even colder. Everyone's cheeks were red from the wind, but there was no complaining. I brought extra red, wool blankets and passed them around to friends that wrapped them around as many people as could fit between them. We were excited and nervous, but we knew we had to save our energy for the upcoming three hours of play. We watched patiently as the fans streamed through the gate and began to make their way up into our stands. A half hour before the game started the stands were already completely full. Police stood every fifty feet forcing people to keep walking along the aisles. I remember being in awe of all the fans that showed up to support the team. Looking around the crowded bleachers, I was startled to see the amount of fans supporting our team by wearing our colors of red and white. Spectators began to fill in all the empty grass area surrounding the field. Hundreds of people did not even make it through the gates, but had to watch from outside the fence behind the end zone, because it was the only place that they would be able to have a clear view of the actual game. There are over 15,000 people living in the town of Hinsdale, and on that fall day in November, 7,000 people showed up to watch the best high school football game in the school's history.

As the team rushed the field at precisely 100 P.M., the crowd rose to applaud. The band began playing our school's alma mater, and the crowd went wild. The cheerleaders performed in front of the student section, all the students rose and began chanting a popular cheer. "Stand up all you devil fans, stand up and clap your hands…" The bleachers shook as the fans yelled out the familiar words and clapped and stomped their feet to the rhythm. Soon, the players completed their warm-up routine on the meticulously manicured field, and the fans yelled and waved hundreds of red and white pompoms in the air in hopes of distracting our rival.

The first quarter started perfectly. After a 65-yard run, Bower, our quarterback, passed the ball to Arquilla who jumped to catch the pass in the end zone to score the first touchdown of the game with 114 remaining on the clock in the first quarter. The receiver threw the ball down and threw his arms in the air as the quarterback ran to hug him. The crowd erupted into applause and the student section began the cheer "Devils,Devils!" It was hard to remain standing because of all the wound up fans jumping up and down, causing the bleachers to shake. Although some of the nervousness faded as both the team and the fans gained confidence, everyone knew anything could still happen. Then, with 845 left in the first quarter our star running back Brian Grzelakowski ran an astonishing sixty yards to score the second touchdown. On the sidelines the players slapped him on the back as he tried to catch his breath and get back on the field. From the stands, the community of Hinsdale looked on proudly as their team took a solid advantage. Unfortunately, in the second quarter, our nervousness returned as Lockport quickly tied up the score. Our team stayed focused and soon retaliated with another touchdown. For most of the game we could not hear the announcers bold, deep voice giving a commentary of the game, but right before half time, as the players jogged off the field, I heard him announce, "And that's the end of the first half. Hinsdale has the lead, but it looks as though we are in for a tight game…"

During half time the crowds rushed to the bathrooms and concessions. I didn't risk leaving my seat in the front row, for fear of losing it and having a blocked view for the duration of the game. My dad walked past with a shopping bag full of hot dogs wrapped in foil, bags of M&Ms, bottles of water, and cans of Coke. The bag quickly ripped as my friends gladly grabbed the food and fought over who got what.

The band marched out onto the field with the color guard. We were all too anxious to pay much attention, but they succeeded in getting the crowd even more excited for the upcoming half. Then the pommers took the field and did a dance to a popular Brittney Spear's song that blasted over the speakers so loud, mostly all we could hear was static. After a twenty-minute half time, the team jogged back onto the field, looking up into the stands in awe of the crowd they had drawn. More than ever, they were determined to make it to the state finals.

The special teams took the field for the second half kickoff. Our kickoff receiver caught the ball and dodged the other players and returned the ball up to the 5-yard line. Hinsdale Central continued gaining up to the four yard line, where Bower caught the ball and ran with force and determination into the end zone. The bleachers erupted into cheering and clapping. All sound of the announcer's deep voice was drowned out by the excited screaming and jumping around in the student section.

At the end of the third quarter the tension was high. Lockport had quickly matched our touchdown by scoring one of their own.It was our ball again and we started to breathe easier, but our rivals intercepted a pass on the offensive 0-yard line, and they quickly scored another six points. By now I can remember my stomach tightening with nervousness and the realization that this game could still go either way.

For the entire fourth quarter I held hands with my two best friends, squeezing as tight as I could when the other team had the ball, or when our team was throwing a pass. These two friends had driven with me to every away game, stayed until the end of each game regardless of the score, and were as aware of all plays as any guy. Although I have never been at a game were the fans have been so focused, the fourth quarter is still a blur to me.Even the young children that usually came to the game to play under the bleachers had inched their way up between people's legs to watch the final plays. On the first-and-goal at the 4 withseconds to go, one of our star players broke up a pass in the end zone intended for Lockport's top receiver. After a second pass to a Lockport receiver was incomplete, a penalty on Hinsdale Central for an illegal substitution moved the ball to the two yard line. On the third down, Bower broke up a slant pass to the Lockport receiver in the middle of the end zone. During all of these plays, we would all hold our breath. On Lockport's last chance their star receiver made a great inside fake on our defense and cut sharply to the left side of the end zone and was able to extend his arms for the perfectly-placed pass. With three seconds on the clock, we all knew it was over. The visitors' fans rushed the field, and all we saw was a sea of people, all dressed in black and gold, the colors of the Lockport team. Our dreams were shattered.

On the sidelines our players fell to their knees and dropped their heads into their hands. Our side of the stands were strangely quiet, and when I listened closely I could hear the sobs of some of the toughest people I know. They hugged each other, but there were no words of consolation. As I looked around at my friends' faces in the stands, I saw tears in the eyes of many. Football was such a huge part of our life as Hinsdale Central Red Devils, and we all understood that this was no longer our team and our field, but now belonged to the younger players to carry on the tradition of Devil football. The realization hit us hard.

After ten minutes, the field was finally cleared of Lockport fans so the final three seconds could be played. We could tell our team was devastated, but they finished the game with good sportsmanship. Our spirits were low until we listened to all the fans leaving saying they had just witnessed the best high school football game ever. At that time, I felt better and prepared myself to console my friends on the team. They had provided me and my classmates with four years of pure fun.

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Parenting Philosophy

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Parenting Philosophy

Every parent has his own personal philosophy of child rearing. Many issues are controversial because there are supporting facts to both opinions. One major issue in today's society is whether to breast or bottle feed an infant. Another difficult issue is how to discipline a child. Some parents believe that spanking in certain situations is acceptable, and some view it as child abuse. Many parents believe religion is an essential part of growing into a moral person, and many do not. Family meals are important to some families, and unnecessary to others. Another big controversy is placing a child in daycare. Some couples believe it is completely wrong for the mother to work outside the home. Other couples say that without two incomes, they would not make it financially.

When I have a child, I will choose to breast feed him. I think it is very important to the infant's health. Colostrum, the fluid that comes in before the real milk, allows the baby to receive immunity to many infections, and also enables the infant to gain necessary weight faster than bottle-fed infants (Dr. Spock, 18). In breast milk, eight percent of the cells are macrophages. Macrophages are cells that kill bacteria, fungi, and viruses (Complete Book of Breast Feeding, 187).

Breast feeding is much easier and more convenient, because it can be done at any time of the day, without preparation. With bottle feeding, there are bottles to wash, formula to mix, refrigeration to worry about, and warming of the milk that must be done (Dr. Spock, 18). This is all very time consuming for a new mother to deal with. Another advantage to breast feeding is the low cost factor. The mother must have a healthy eating plan, but it does not cost more for her diet than usual. Formula tends to be very expensive for new families to have to worry about.

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Breast feeding satisfies the infant's natural instinct to suck. Being at the breast allows the child to suck as long as he needs to, and this may reduce the chances of thumb-sucking later (Dr. Spock, 18). I believe breast feeding builds a bond between the mother and infant. It allows them to feel closer together than a bottle would provide. One mother stated, "I never knew what I was missing by not nursing my first baby. I loved him and I enjoyed him, yes, but I never got so many of the little 'extras' that I get from this one"(Complete Book of Breast Feeding, 187, p.18).

I think it is important to try to breast feed a baby until he is at least six months old. I think this is ample time for the bonding to occur. I will have to return to work a few months after the baby's birth. This means that I will have to start combining breast and bottle feeding. At this time, I plan to breast feed before and after work. I will provide bottles only during the time that I am at work. I do not want to use unnecessary formula. While I am away from the baby, I would prefer to use pumped breast milk or provide apple juice. I think the decision to breast feed will contribute greatly to the continuing health of my baby. Discipline is another decision that must be made when raising a child.

I believe spanking, with limitations, is necessary in disciplining a child. Discipline means to teach, not to punish. I know that some parents cannot discriminate the difference between beating a child and lovingly correcting a child. For that reason, I believe some parents should not spank their children. A regular beating, by a parent that is rejecting, causes the child to become depressed, easily frustrated, or aggressive (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 14). I do not believe that a child should ever be abused, but I think it is ridiculous to consider all spanking child abuse.

In some cases, a light tap on the bottom is necessary. "In order for spankings to be effective, a child must be capable of understanding what it is the parents are trying to communicate with the spanking and the reprimand that follows" (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 14, p.74). Typically, children who are not spanked seem to be more rebellious. This could be a result of no consequences after disobedience. Children who are spanked by loving parents tend to appreciate that they were spanked (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 14).Spanking can accomplish the immediate task of stopping the misbehavior and gaining the child's attention (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 14). A child that is loved will not resent a well deserved spanking, but a child that is unloved or ignored will hate all types of discipline (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 14).

I do not think it is necessary to spank in every circumstance. I believe other means of discipline are necessary in many instances. The more a child is spanked, the less the spanking will mean ( To Spank Or Not To Spank, 14). Time outs or reduced privileges can be very effective in some situations. I know that when I was a child, it upset me considerably to be put on restriction or have more chores for that week. Being disciplined taught me to not repeat misbehavior. I also think religion was a contributing part of my learning to not misbehave.

I think religion is an important part of a child's nurturing. I plan to raise my child in a Baptist church. Religion will particularly impact my child's life because my husband plans to become a pastor. I believe raising my child in a loving, Christian environment will empower him to become a better person. We can teach him morals and values that he might not receive otherwise. The Holy Bible states "Fathers, do not exasperate your children; instead, bring them up in the training and instruction of the Lord" (Ephesians 64, New International Version). One very important aspect of religion that I want my child to gain, is to help the less fortunate. This will allow my child to realize how blessed he is, and how insignificant material possessions really are. If he were to simply watch television, he would be told that material possessions are all that make a person valuable. I do not want my child to think that is what makes a person good. I think parents should be responsible for their child's moral lessons. If a child must be put in a daycare, then the daycare's morals should be taken into consideration.

I believe that daycare is necessary for working parents who have no other option. I know that many parents believe that daycare is harmful to children, and that another family member should watch the child instead. In most cases, a grandparent or other family member is not available because of work or health. I would like to stay at home with my child for the first few months. I believe this is crucial in the bonding of the parent and child. I will eventually have to attend work again. When I return to work, I will have to place my child in daycare. Studies show that infants placed in daycare the first four months of life, have an interruption in the process of attachment between the mother and child. This is the time that experts refer to as "falling in love" between the mother and child; they learn to read each other's expressions and signals (Personal Time, 1). I think it is important, when choosing a care giver, to find one that will keep the parents informed about their child's life. After the child is picked up from daycare, family time should be spent around the table. I believe this helps the child to adjust to the time spent away from the parents.

I believe that it is very important to have regular family meals. It is a relaxing time, when everyone can share the experiences of their day. It allows the family to communicate, which is important in maintaining a healthy relationship with every family member. Growing up, my family had meals together and I enjoyed it. As I have grown older, we do not eat together as frequently, but we try to get together every Friday. I always enjoy this time to share my experiences of the week and to hear everyone else's experiences. I believe that it draws the family closer. When I have children, I hope to continue the tradition of family meals. Robert Billingham, Ph.D., believes sitting down together for a meal is the most important activity a family can do (In Praise of Family Meals, n.d.). When eating together, family members must focus on each other because there are no other distractions (In Praise of Family Meals, n.d.). A professor of family and consumer sciences at California State University, James Koval, Ph.D., says that all families do have conflict, but it provides the child with comfort to know they can all come together at a meal (In Praise of Family Meals, n.d.). I believe education is one of the most important issues for a parent to decide.

I will place my child in public school. I think that public schools offer many things that private or home schools cannot. I think it exposes students to many different views. In a private school, everyone is dressed the same and worships the same God. I do not believe that teaches a child to be open-minded to others' views. I believe it is important to learn spiritual teachings, but I also believe it is important to learn free interpretation. Being in college, I have noticed that many students from private schools think their view is always the "right" view. I think home schooling is harmful too, because they do not learn how to socially interact with others. In public schools, there are kids from all different types of social, political, and religious backgrounds (Public Schools, 17). This teaches a child to compromise with others. I believe public schools create a more well-rounded individual.

My personal philosophy of child rearing includes a Christian influence within the home. I believe that it is very important to make God the center of the family. My goal is to rear my children in the will of God. I want to make all of my parenting decisions based on the best outcome for my child. I hope that is every parent's desire. Since I do not currently have children, my views on some issues may change in the future. Many parents would disagree with some or all of my opinions, but our unique upbringing is what makes us the individuals we are.

Eiger, Marvin S. and Olds, Sally Wendkos, Eds. (187). The Complete Book of Breast Feeding. New York Workman Publishing Company.

In Praise of Family Meals. (n.d.). Retrieved January 6, 001 from the World Wide Web http//www.parenting.com/parenting/archive.html.

Personal Time. (1). Retrieved on January 6, 001 from the World Wide Web http//www.time.com/time/personal/family.html.

Public schools teach tolerance and free expression. (17). Retrieved January 7, 001 from the World Wide Web http//www.miami.edu/com/workshop/17/page11.htm.

Rosemond, John. (14). To Spank Or Not To Spank. Kansas City Andrews and McMeel.

Spock, Benjamin and Parker, Steven, Eds. (18). Dr. Spock's Baby and Child Care. New York Pocket Books.

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Managing Conflict Using Problem Solving

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Managing Conflict Using Problem-Solving

Conflict resolution is an essential skill for all managers, especially in the Human Resource arena.Where else but in Human Resources can you find a multitude of personalities and a diversity of viewpoints?The word conflict can bring many different ideas and thoughts to mind. We often think of hostility, aggression, withdrawal, power struggles, and opposition. Just the mention of the word can make us uneasy. Most people can probably recall a time that they experienced a conflict with a friend, teacher, parent, or family member. Sometimes the results were satisfying; at other times disaster resulted.

If you are a living, breathing human-being, you will have conflict. The only people who do not are dead. If you have an opinion on anything you will disagree with someone and engage in conflict. Conflict is an inevitable part of life, work and relationships. What happens when you face conflicts at work?What if a co-worker doesnt make the deadline with his or her part of a combined project? How do you handle it when your boss asks you to do something unethical? What is your reaction to a co-worker who falsely accuses you for losing a big contract? Do you tend to hold your tongue? Do you wait to see what will happen? Or do you confront, defend and blowup?

Conflict seems to be something we think we should avoid. We fear confrontation in conflict and we associate it with anger and see it as destructive. But conflict is normal and happens continually. Conflict can even be a constructive and positive experience for all parties involved.One only has to think of how much better he feels after taking time to explain emotions and personal positions when conversing with someone after a fight.

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Our reaction to, and method of dealing with conflict rather than the conflict itself is what causes painful, frightening or even damaging experiences.Conflict issues can be big or small, between individuals or among groups. Conflict issues can be as simple as a co-worker trying to get a fellow employee to complete a project, or as complex as a manager motivating a team.

Anytime personal interaction is required in a job, situations often arise due to the presence of conflict whether it is with an individual or a situation.Usually, the greatest challenge in managing conflicts such as those described has to do with defining the problem. As a working nation, our natural tendency is to jump into action and solve the problem. This approach wont work, however, until we know what problem we are trying to solve. Once all parties involved have a clear understanding of what the problem is, they can put their energies into solving it. Leaders make sure they take the time to define the problem at the front-end. "Once defined, many times the solution will become fairly self-evident, and its implementation smoother with less chance of failure" (Dunn 5).

Conflict resolution is an essential skill for all managers, especially in Human Resources.As we embrace cultural diversity among staff and families, we must expect to encounter conflicting values, experiences, beliefs, and perceptions.

The managers role isnt to eliminate all conflict, but to minimize the anger, grudges, hurt, and blame it can cause. Trouble does not arise because there is a conflict of values, beliefs or perceptions--a program is in trouble only when that conflict goes unmanaged or unresolved.

In Managing Conflict, Goodman states that a conflict resolution system has four components that every manager should be familiar with

1.Know your style of managing conflict and that a style can either motivate or discourage staff. This knowledge can make resolving conflicts more productive, and less stressful.

.Use approaches to conflict which take the interests of both sides into account when fashioning an agreement, such as getting agreement on the definition of the problem before trying to reach a solution; requiring mutual consent for any solution; encouraging negotiation first (the parties try to work it out themselves)--then, if necessary, providing third-party intervention (the parties seek a mediator); and avoiding the use of force, unilateral judgments, giving in, and doing nothing.

.Develop a process for handling conflict. Identify who to go to, what steps to take, and expected outcomes.

4.Develop a procedure to follow, including establishing ground rules, purpose, roles, and a confidentiality policy (45).

Conflict resolution must be a cornerstone of an organizational structure. But it must be built with mutual consent and respect for the views of administrators, managers, practitioners, and the community-all of which are needed for its success.

Facing conflict in relationships is difficult. We all want peace, co-operation, harmony and resolution when it comes to workplace relationships. Conflict can result in either problem-solving and resolution or an all-out war! Confliction scenarios can prevent collaboration and cause relationship breakdown unless you have the skills to manage conflict. How you approach conflict greatly impacts the outcome; with communication comes understanding.Practical strategies for managing conflict include various strategies; when you clash or disagree with someone one way to prevent escalation is to take a time-out to consider the issues and your response. Do not feel pressured to resolve the situation immediately.

Sum up what the other person says by paraphrasing their demands, viewpoints and comments. This will clarify the issue and provide you the opportunity to reply. Most people do not listen well and tend to react defensively when engaged in conflict. As Adler states in Looking Out / Looking In Interpersonal Communication, summarizing what someone says demonstrates that you are listening; you care and are trying to understand. Replaying what you hear doesnt equate to agreement with their opinion or request ().Communicate your need and viewpoint graciously but, firmly. I was able to complete my part of the project but, I do not have time to take on your portion as well. I find over-charging customers places me in an ethical dilemma. I prefer not to carry out this task.By discovering how to better manage conflict you can prevent relationship breakdown (Miller-Heyl 6).

Using conflict resolution skills will give you greater opportunity for success in the workplace.In order to resolve conflict many resolutions can be effective.Talk directly to the parties involved. Assuming there is no threat of physical violence, a one-on-one or private setting is best. Be certain that no one is being misquoted or misinterpreted by using reflective listening, simply repeating back to the speaker what you think he/she is trying to say. Direct conversation is much more effective than complaining to everyone else.

Choose a good time. Plan to talk to the other person at the right time and allow enough time for a thorough discussion. Do not start talking about the conflict just as the other person is leaving for work, after you have had a terrible day, or right before you have something important to do. Just before an employee is about to give a presentation is not a good time to discuss a conflict with them. Try to talk in a quiet private place where everyone can be comfortable and undisturbed, for as long as the discussion takes.

Plan ahead. Consider what you want to say ahead of time. State clearly what the problem is and how it affects those involved; do not blame or name call. Antagonizing the other party only makes it harder for them to understand you. Do not blame the other person for everything or begin the conversation with your opinion of what should be done.

Give factual information. Do not interpret the other partys behavior. Instead give information about your own feelings. This does not judge if the feeling is right or wrong, but allows the speaker to know he/she has been heard. Remember the area of disagreement is a joint problem. Attack the problem, not each other. Keep in mind that you both are responsible for solving the problem. It is not just your problem.

Listen. Give the other party a chance to tell his or her side of the conflict completely. Using reflective listening, try to learn how the other party feels. Although you may not agree with what is being said, tell the other person that you hear him or her and are glad that you are discussing the problem together.

Talk it through. Get all of the issues and feelings out in the open. Do not leave out the part that seems too difficult to discuss or too insignificant to be important. The solution will work best if all issues are discussed thoroughly. Brainstorm for solutions. Consider a variety of ideas to help solve the problem. Do not judge the ideas as right or wrong, or good or bad. Look for options that emphasize the common good. Two or more people cooperating produce lasting solutions more effectively than one person telling another to change.

Look for win-win solutions. Try to settle differences in a manner which achieves everyones need for security, being needed, validation, and respect. Compare and evaluate the different options to find something that can please all parties. See if there are one or more options that are agreeable to both parties. Focus on what is needed and not what is desired. Strive to develop a compromise to reach this goal. Finally, as Goodbar states in Managing Conflict, "follow through. Agree to check with each other at specific times to make sure the agreement is still working-then do it" (41).

While conflict may seem negative, it is a natural event in relationships between people. We simply can not avoid it. It occurs because people care about each other, personal goals, individual priorities, and themselves.Depending on how they are handled, conflicts may have negative or positive consequences. The results depend on how we choose to resolve conflict. In itself, conflict is neither good nor bad. It is what Human Resource professionals do with the knowledge and appropriate application of conflict resolution that makes the difference.

Adler, R.B. & Towne, N. (Eds.).Looking Out / Looking In Interpersonal Communication. New York Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. 187.

Dunn, D. Getting Results A Guide To Effective Leadership. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. 18.

Goodbar, K. Managing Conflict. Teen Community Leadership Notebook. 18.

Leadership Skills Youll Never Outgrow. The Ohio State University. 18.

Leading In The Future.University of Hawaii Cooperative Extension. 18.

Miller-Heyl, J.L. Dare To Be You. CES. Colorado State University. 15

Resolving Differences.Michigan State University Cooperative Extension. 001.

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The Halls of Society Chapter 220 Milwaukee WI

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Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in The Halls of Society Chapter 220 Milwaukee WI, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your The Halls of Society Chapter 220 Milwaukee WI paper at affordable prices!The Halls of Society

Walking through the halls of Brookfield Central High School taught me sometimes more than what I was taught in the classroom. Not that this is a bash to my alma mater, but there were certain things that came into play during the 4 years I attended.It was when I was a freshman, at 745 one morning that I was walking through the halls , that I noticed that the halls were practically filled with white kids. It made me feel strange, and it made me think as to why we weren't more diverse in our school systems. There were, however, classmates of mine that were of different ethnicity, but for whatever reason, none of them were ever in school as early as 745, in fact most of them walking in at about 5 to 8 o'clock, which was the time that our final bell rang to issue us to class. It was strange though, because all these kids came in at the same time, and waited after school longer than I did to get on the bus that took them home.

It was then that I realized that there were common links between these. Two other variables were tossed into that. These kids all lived in Milwaukee, in the inner city portions. It shouldn't have made as much sense as it did, because I also realized that, all the kids who lived in the city of Brookfield, were primarily white. It was quite a rarity to see a person of a different race that Caucasian white males, drive through the streets on the way to school. Unfortunately each one of the inner city kids came in late, almost everyday, and they were also the last ones to leave. At first my impressions were, that they were the ones who cared the least about school, and that is why they came in late and were always doing the worst in our classes. To my embarrassment for thought, none of this was true. They were known as the "0 kids", which meant that they were bussed from the inner city of Milwaukee, 1015 miles away, to our school. That made me wonder why as well, I knew that there were plenty of schools in the Milwaukee Public School System. To my knowledge there was at least 10 or 1, so why on earth would these 0 kids come to Brookfield? Again, at this point I had to look at it again. They were called the 0 kids, and the number 0 comes from the Chapter 0, in the Wisconsin Education Systems. Chapter 0, is the State Education Boards way of making the ethnicity in suburban schools more equal, and it also gives the chance for inner city kids to get a better education. Get a better education? Why does my school offer more than the MPS system schools?

Turns out, Milwaukee, Wisconsin is the most segregated city in the United States, which basically spelled out to me, that in the inner city, it was mainly composed of minorities, and the suburbs, they were basically 100% Caucasian. It was definitely something shocking, but so was the fact that the attendance rate at most MPS schools hardly ever exceeded 50%. This could also make someone scratch their head and wonder why? Brookfield Central had almost 7% attendance rate each day, Making that % usually a sick person or two in a class of thirty.It was then I also found out that my school board, paid teachers more, and gave them more benefits. This kind of attracted any teacher of any kind away from the MPS systems. MPS teachers, coincidentally, were also first year teachers in most cases,that had just graduated from college, and were looking to get some experience in teaching at the "core" before being able to move out to the suburban schools. So now we have inexperienced teachers, more money in the budget plan for the suburban schools, and a less than 50% turn out rate for school every day, and a separation of ethnicity in this agenda?

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To me this is one of the worst of society's accidents in the history of Wisconsin. We have to ship kids out to the suburb schools to make it equal in the classrooms, we have to go through one year of teaching before moving up into the suburban schools, and we also have to create an equality in minorities in the classroom. Just wait for this, it gets better. In the MPS system, when you are registering, you are given the opportunity to apply for the chapter 0 program, to better your chances for getting into college. After all there are 85% of the graduates attending college from the Elmbrook School District and other places, and only 15% from the MPS system. Isn't that strange? Fifteen percent of inner city minorities go on to college, versus the 85% suburban white kids in the suburban schools. So you apply when you are young, to be able to have the fortune of hopefully being selected to go to school in the suburbs, so you can move on with your life. It becomes a selective process and only the ones with true potential get a chance to move into the better schools. To me that sounds highly unfair because, based on my location in the outskirts of Milwaukee, I get more opportunity to become someone, where as other people, of equal importance, have to apply to get in.

Now to my knowledge of the years, it became apparent to me that this became an indirect race issue. I lived in the suburbs, they lived in the inner city. The inner city had high crime rate, low attendance rates in high school, and the lower class community closest to the core. So many things correlated with one another, and became variations to one another that it all began to just make sense to me, that our society in the Milwaukee area, was a result of a race issue. No one wants to hire minorities, none of them get a chance to do something with their life. The reason they don't want them, because they never went to college. They never went to college, because their high school didn't give them enough attention. They never got enough attention, so they dropped out of school. They dropped out of school, didn't have a job, so they stole some money.

The correlations can go on for quite some time, but the mental picture is remaining the same. Minorities were starting out life, with weights around their neck, in a 50ft deep pool. There chances of becoming something were very slim, and it is like a hole that they aren't able to get out of. The farther back down they fall, the further and harder they have to try to get back up.The suburbs give people a chance to go to school to become something, basically we end up giving them permission to wake up an hour before school starts, and wait for abus that occasionally doesn't show up on time, and come into school late, and marked tardy because your bus was late. At even the most extreme cases, the 0 kids would get into 1st hour between 10 and 0 minutes late. It is like a field trip to them every day, and their lives become so much more complicated than ours. They have so many more things to worry about than I do. I got up at 70 a lot, and walked to school by 745, giving me still ten minutes to get organized before class, maybe even finish up some homework. I feel spoiled, and for just a moment I have to wonder what it is like in the shoes of a "0" kid. It must be a very difficult and long day for each of them because they work so hard, and get the minimum compared to what I do.

Chapter 0 is a mistake, it is something that shouldn't have to be. Unfortunately, society has given itself a cut due to race and minorities, and there is only perhaps one way that it can be corrected. A few years back, the state Capital of Madison attempted to pass a promotion of "redistricting." What this would do, would be to redistrict and redirect the lines in which schools and communities cut off, so that each school would be more equal in ethnicity as well as opportunity. This however required that Shorewood, the richest city in the state, to share borders with Milwaukee Rufus King high school, one of the roughest schools there is. Shorewood spoke and the people listened. The parents board of Shorewood suggested that it not happen, and again money spoke and acted.

Milwaukee King was not going to be allowed to go to school with the kids from the current Shorewood school district all because the Shorewood people didn't want to ruin their kids chances at becoming great.That is a frontal display of the closed minded suburban individuals that vacate the large houses outside of Milwaukee.

It's funny however, that the redistricting would cost roughly 0 million dollars for the city, but it is also amusing to know that after twenty years, they would no only save twenty million dollars, they would also save another 0 million dollars. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reports stated that " up to 40 million dollars" would be saved over the course of twenty years if they were to redistrict the Milwaukee community. This would solve everything, with the exception of the rich, outspoken Shorewood parents. Because Shorewood did this, many other school districts followed the same. The Parent Teacher Education Programs spoke left and right of how they would sue if the districts were redrawn because it would be taking away from their sons and daughters education.

After reading the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel while growing up, you seem to learn a lot about it too. "The state gives a school district a little more than $5,000 for each student admitted under the open enrollment program. While that is less than half of the cost of educating a student in some districts, if the district carefully decides where the students will be placed, accepting the student will have little or no effect on the districts costs while bringing in extra cash that can be spent by the district", (October 8th 00, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel .) Sometimes the numbers just don't mean a lot to me, because there is no number worth the troubles of race inequality.

These are the issues of the Chapter 0 programs, and in the big picture, results of a racial problem that wasn't recognized until it was too late. By the time the city of Milwaukee, recognized what was going on, parents and suburban people were not about giving up their percentages and success rates to a bunch of minority inner city problems. Last time, when the rich became to rich, and the poor became farther and farther away from the rich, there was something called the Great Depression. Milwaukee is in a depression however, the chances for certain people are granted almost the moment you are born, and what you are born into. Otherwise, when you are not born into the right hands and into the right house, you become what is labeled a social parasite, and you cause crime. Why do they cause crime though and why do these problems occur? They happen because there was hardly a chance to do anything else and become much of anything else. The suburbs give them dreams, dreams in which can only stay dreams and rarely become a reality.

Please note that this sample paper on The Halls of Society Chapter 220 Milwaukee WI is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on The Halls of Society Chapter 220 Milwaukee WI, we are here to assist you.Your persuasive essay on The Halls of Society Chapter 220 Milwaukee WI will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Time Management

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Abstract

Our daily lives consist of schedules and planning. Trying to fit everything into a 4-hour

period can be nerve racking. Using your time efficiently to achieve your life's goals

begin with good planning. Successful management of projects and tasks are based onWrite my Essay on Time Management cheap

choices you make. We need to learn how to manage the time we have not only for work

but for your family as well. If you are able to manage your time, your day-to-day life will

be much more easy. Building a schedule helps you to plan your daily activities. Steps to

achieve efficient time management are described to help you affect the control of your

time. Knowing what you have to do and where you have to be in advance can make the

day less stressful and more productive.

Time Management

Time Management

As an adult learning skill

To get more done in less time, that is the secret of successful people. We present

these three rules from Donald Wetmore (000) to increase your productivity. First, set

aside a time each morning to make a list of all the items you want to accomplish that day.

As you write these items down you will begin to get a clearer picture of what you need to

work on and begin to start scheduling the time necessary to complete them.

Next you prioritize your items.Choose the most important item and number this

one. Choose the second most important item and label it two, and so on.Complete your

first item, in spite of interruptions throughout the day.Then go on to the next item. This

way you will always complete the most important item every day.When we prioritize

we focus on the most important items instead of skipping around and doing the least

important, therefore, easier ones. Then you follow these steps every day. As you create a

new to-do list everyday, you re-prioritize items from the day before.You will feel in

control of your day and improve your productivity.(16)

One of the keys to managing your time is working smart.If you have an

organized plan for a project, you can manage your time wisely.Start by writing down all

your projects in any order on a piece of paper.It is important to list as many of your

projects as you can think of so you can best apply a priority list.After your list is

compiled, group all similar tasks together.

It is important to prioritize the tasks in a logical sequence.This step is very

Time Management4

critical in time management because if you start to work on a task, but you need other

information, you will have to stop what you are working on and complete the other task

first.This will slow down the process and waste time.A priority list will allow you to

work on the projects in the most logical order, saving the maximum amount of time.

It is very important to set goals that are achievable.Many times, goals are set too

high on initial projects, and after failing to achieve them it is hard to motivate yourself

and those around you.When the goals are set at proper stages of a project and they are

achieved, everyone involved feels good about his or her involvement.Goals in some

cases create an adrenalin boost to a project with a feeling of accomplishment.

The opposite is true if the goals are set too aggressively and are not met.People

involved in the project may tend to give up on tasks, feeling they are already failing or

are going to fail.Goals should be one of the last steps of a project so they can be well

thought out.After gathering all the information available and input from everyone

involved, goals can be set at realistic levels.

Be firm with yourself and make the commitment of blocking some time to

complete your studies.Control your distractions by limiting their effect on you. If you

need to be alone to focus on your studies then close the door to keep people from

interrupting you.If you are interrupted, give the person a time limit; of course you would

want to keep this time limit to yourself as you do not want to alienate your family or

your co-workers.Use your voice-mail to take your calls, and do not check your e-mails

until your studies are done.If you prefer the hustle and bustle of a busy environment

then choose a more active setting.You can get together with other students and study.

Time Management5

Carter, Bishop, and Kravits suggests that you need to choose the environment that will

make the most of your abilities to study.(55)

In many cases, you will have to rely on others to complete work in a timely

manner.It is just as important to organize others that will affect the project as it is to be

organized yourself.Give others as much notice as possible with what your needs are

with the project, and set up times with them to update you on their progress.In doing so,

you will be able to monitor their progress so they do not affect your time line.Make sure

they are very clear on every detail of each step, as well as the importance of being on

schedule.

Critical steps may require a backup plan to ensure the tasks will be completed in

an organized and timely manner.Talk through the expectations to clear up any issues

prior to moving on to your next task.Remember that if they are not clear on what is

required, you have to waste more time revisiting the issues left unattended.

In our busy life other issues come up and we have to deal with them first. When

an unexpected event comes up and we have to cancel a previous commitment, we now

have to find time to reschedule. Many times when something like this comes up, it is hard

to find the time to reschedule. If you have a schedule of your day-to-day activities, you

should always have a time open in case you have to reschedule an appointment. This also

gives you time to yourself when that time you set aside is not used.

Putting time aside for various events that might occur can take some stress off of

you too. You would not have to stress because you would have the time there already.

Without putting aside some free time, people tend to stress out because they do not know

Time Management6

when they would be able to fit things in. Being able to have time management skills lets

you have an understanding of time, and how to use it wisely.

In order to organize your time, you must set goals in your life. Goals are certain

values that you have. Values are principles or qualities that someone considers important.

For example, your religious beliefs, friends you have, relatives, authority figures, and

the media. People must choose their own values and then examine them closely. Are they

right for you? How will they affect your own life? Are they your choice or someone

else's? After you determine which values are right for you, you then set timeframes for

your goals to be completed. Times should be broken up into short-term and long-term

goals. Breakdown long-term goals into stages. Determine which parts of your goal needs

to be accomplished in a day, in a week, or longer and prioritize them. Next a "Personal

Mission Statement" should be conceived. This statement should tell you about your

character, what you want to achieve in life, and the principles by which you live. A good

example of this would be the Constitution of the United States.There are five basic life

settings by which we all base our goals on. Personal Goals are mostly associated with our

personal appearance, character, and conduct with others. Our family goals consist of our

marital status, how many children we would like to have, and relationships. Financial

goals involve the balancing of money amongst various bills, and preparing for the future.

Education goals pertain pretty much to the type of schooling you wish to pursue, and how

far you want to go in your learning. Lifestyle goals play a part in the location of your

home, who lives with you, and what you will do with your leisure time. Pick goals that

allow you to live how you choose to, not what somebody else wants.

Time Management7

Procrastination is defined as the gap between intention and action (5), so states

Timothy A. Pychyl, PhD, director of the procrastination research group at Carleton

University in Ottawa, Canada, Walker (00). There are many reasons for putting off

things until the last possible moment. Fear of failure that you will not complete the task

successfully, fear of change, unwillingness to start an unpleasant task. The fear of being

successful is a fear you do not associate with procrastination. If you become successful

then you have added responsibilities and choices. You will not do anything if you are

afraid of doing the wrong thing. You need to conquer procrastination by recognizing it

and not giving in to it. Start your task right away, the quicker you do it, the sooner it is

finished. If you feel overwhelmed then break your project into smaller tasks. Concentrate

on each task and complete it, do not worry about the end result. Set your priorities and

get motivated to finish these tasks. You will start to develop good work habits and

procrastination will not be a problem any longer.

When you set a priority, you identify what's important at any given time. Look at

your five life areas to determine which areas have priority over others. You do not have

to include all areas. They could consist of only a few. For example, family could be a

higher priority than your leisure time. By setting your priorities, you get closer to

accomplishing your goals. There are two basic types of approaches to time management.

One is a factual and linear person. They organize activities around a specific timeframe.

The other is a theoretical and holistic person. They focus on the whole picture while time

passes them by. Other ways that help to plan your time would be to schedule your week.

Time Management8

Take ten to fifteen minutes before you start your day to plan your daily activities. This

will save you a lot of time in the long run. Write events and important appointments

down on a calendar in the home. Use a scheduling book and carry it with you at all times.

Sometimes saying "No" when you are working is difficult. Especially if you are

the workaholic type or just plain run out of time because you did not plan your day. From

time to time there may not be somebody around that can complete your assigned task

because it needs your expertise. It is a good practice to say "No" every now and then.

You can benefit from this by having more time to yourself, delegating your authority to

others, takes stress off of you, and other people may gain experience from the way you

manage your time.

Time Management8

References

Wetmore, D. (000). Time management; Planners. Successful Meetings, 4(), 16. Retrieved June 1, 00 from EBSCO database.

Carter, C., Bishop, J.,&Kravits, S.L.(18). Goal setting and time management Mapping your course. Keys to Success, 55

Carter, C., Bishop, J.,&Kravits, S.L.(18). Goal setting and time management Mapping your course. Keys to Success, 5-5

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Cultural Influences in Thailand

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Cultural Influences in Thailand. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Cultural Influences in Thailand paper right on time.

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A cultural influence is the power from one culture to affect another society's habits and behaviors.There are many other cultures that influence Thailand.Many of the Thai people especially teenagers like to follow other cultures.Modern culture, Chinese culture, American culture, and Japanese culture, are the cultures that Thai people have accepted.Japanese culture, Modern culture, and American culture, are three of the most popular cultures that influence Thai people today. Therefore, Japanese culture, Western culture and Modern culture became three of the most popular cultures that influence Thai people which also cause differences, effects and similarities between Thai and these three cultures.

Firstly, Japanese culture has great influence over the Thai culture in many perspectives, one of them is media.There are many changes in Thai's media such as media that followed Japanese including game shows, music, and magazines.For example, one of the game shows in Thailand emulates the style from the popular game shows in Japan, which called Fan Pan Tae on channel 5.The style of this game show is similar to one of the popular game show in Japan, which is called TV Champion.Furthermore, Ruay Rai Wan on channelimitates of the show is the same as the Japanese game show, which is called Challenge of Fire.Another obvious influence on the culture is music.Jiwa and Power Pat are the Example of the music production, which Thais imitate from Japanese singers.Thai's music producers use the style of the music, the image of the singer, and added Japanese language into the songs.In addition, J Pop and Idol are examples of the Thai magazines that publish the content and the style of the Japanese magazines in order to appeal consumers to purchase their magazines.There are much more Japanese culture that influences Thailand.

Secondly, Japanese culture has a great influence on fashion.Fashion of Thai teenagers has changed a lot from the past.Nowadays, there are many kinds of media from Japan that influences Thai fashion.Thai teenagers copy the way Japanese singers, actors, and actresses' dresses.Sometime they buy Japanese magazines and dress like the people who are in the magazines such as wearing short Y-shirts with a short skirts and a scarf, putting on very long socks with high heal shoes.Apart from dressing like Japanese, they are also following the way Japanese teenagers putting on their make up, which is using light but shiny colors.Hairstyle is another thing that Thai's teenagers follow.They bleach their hair in such outstanding colors such as red, green, and blue.Moreover, Thai teenagers even collect Japanese products such as Hello Kitty books collection.For instance, Fon, is one of my friend, she has about 500 pieces of Hello Kitty collection in her bedroom.

Finally, Japanese culture has great influence on Thai people lifestyle.There are many types of lifestyle, which people have duplicated.One of them is to have dinner outside their house.In the past, Thai people usually rush home after work and had dinner with their family inside their house.Now, most businessmen and businesswomen usually have dinner at the restaurant after work.For example, my sister, Ratt, is working at the Taiwanese Embassy on Silom road.She finishes works at 50 in the evening after that she always has dinner at the restaurant rather than at home.Another example is the prostitution in Thailand.Many Thai women, who did not have any skills to find a job, so the easiest way to get the money is to be a prostitute.In Japan, the prostitutes are called Ke-ei-cha.Ke-ei-cha means to have sexual relationship for money.Today, there are more than 100,000 Thai ladies becoming prostitutes.

Cheap University Papers on Cultural Influences in Thailand

Western culture influence in Thai's culture, it can also be analyzed in cause and effect essay.

Western culture has affected Thai culture in three different ways which are language, women's role, and social issues.In the past, it was socially acceptable for Thai men to have many wives while women could be married to one husband.It was impossible for a woman to be remarried to another man, even when her husband passed away.If a woman remarried to another man, people would called her Ka-ra-ki-nee.The role of leadership was never given to women.As time passed by, Thai society has been influenced by the west.The adoption of Western values that emphasize sexual equality has resulted in changing attitudes and practices towards women.Thailand's role for Thai women has changed, nowadays, they are more independent and they can receive education as well as men.A lot of women are working and earning money by themselves, instead of waiting for their husband's income.Thai women are now strong enough to stand up for themselves.For instance, a wife can get divorced without any problems.However, Thai wives still have the responsibility to take care of their children and husband, whether they work outside their house or not.

Western language has an effect on Thai language.First of all, thai vocabulary contains lots of western vocabulary.Thai people use these words in their daily lives, such as computer, ice cream, tissue, chocolate, taxi, TV, beer, tennis, and etc.For this reason, Thai language starts vanishing.Another example is when Thai teenagers, who studied abroad for a year or more, come back to Thailand and they pretend to speak English all the time, or sometimes they mix Thai language with the English language.Furthermore, magazines or brochures in the past were usually printed in Thai language.Today, these magazines or brochures are printed in English.For example, Central department store prints the front page of their brochures in English all the time such as, "0 percent discount".

Thai women have been influenced by western culture in three major ways.First of all, Western culture influences women's education.In the past, only boys could learn to read and write, because at that time education was taught only in the temple.Thai parents did not seem to see the benefit of letting their daughters have an education.They thought that the girls would soon get married and stay home doing housework.Secondly, Western culture influences women in their married life.In the past, women could not select their own spouse, the girls parents would choose the boy they thought would suit their daughters.Thirdly, Western culture influences women's daily life.In the past, women were not allowed to work outside, they had to do house chores, take care of children, cook, and be ready to serve and please their husbands.They also had no right to make any decisions.However women's role changed in the period of King Rama IV (1854-1868), the first Thai monarch who studied abroad, and had a chance to know advancement of women in the Western countries.When he came back from England, he encouraged Thai women to have a high education, by establishing a school, for training women teachers, called Benjama Raja Lai shool, and a school for children called Wat Mahannoppharam school.Since there were many educated women, women's role in the society also improved.They have more right to chose their own husband, and have ability to work outside the house.Nowadays, most Thai daughters have higher education than in the past, at least most girls finish grad nine.They also go to work like men and many of them have higher positions then men, such as Ms. Sudarat KayuraPhan (public health ministry), Ms. Sririkorn Maneein(ministry of education).

Modern culture and Thai culture can create similarities.

There are many similarities between Modern culture and Thai culture.First of all, there are three similarities between the Modern and the Thai education.Firstly, in the past most Thai schools use teachers as the center of the educational system.It means that students could not give any opinions to their teachers. Students could only listen to their teachers and take notes quietly.In the present, the government is trying to change the style of teaching to every school to be child centered, so students are able to give opinions and discuss the topic their teacher gives. During the past five years the government has included sexual education class in every high school in Thailand.This class will teach students everything related to sex.For example, this class will cover how to have save sex safely, and what STD's are (Sexual Transmitted Disease).Nowadays, every high school has to study a third language such as French, Spanish, or Chinese.If the school does not provide these three types of education to their students, the principle of that school will be guilty and punished by the government by closing the school just like every other modern country.

The second point, now Thai women's roles are nearly the same as the women's role in the Modern society.Today, Thai women are allowed to get education.During the past 15 years, only 0% of Thai women who went to school according to "ABAC pole in 185" and 5% out of 0% only educated until fourth grade.But now, about 5% of the Thai women go to school, and up to 76% graduated from the university According to "ABAC pole in 1".Secondly, now Thai women have right to choose their own husbands.In the past, most of Thai women were forced to get married by their parents.Some did not even love each other, but they had to face it.In the present time, Thai women are gaining their right to choose their own husbands with a simple reason, which is love.Finally, now Thai women have the right to decide to choose their own career.In the past, women had to stay home and take care of their children and do households duties.Nowadays, Thai women are able to decide to work outside instead of staying home and do all the boring things.These three reasons show us that the rights of Thai women are changing toward the Modern society of Europe and America.

Finally, Modern activities are similar to Thai activities today.First of all, Thai people play sports than before.In the past Thai people did not care about sports, they thought it was useless.Therefore now, more than 70% of Thai people have their own favorite sports to play, because they realize how sports give benefits to their life.Secondly, in the past, Thailand was known as the land of peacefulness.We had only a few night pubs in the city. Today, to go out and enjoy nightlife is very popular just like in the Modern society.As you can see in every big city in Thailand such as Nakornrat Chasrima, Chiang Mai, and especially in Bangkok, night clubs or bars open everywhere.These night clubs are always full of customers; although they have introduced new laws, which close them earlier than before. These two examples are the similarities between Thai and Modern activities.

In conclusion, Western, Japanese, and Modern culture are cultures that have changed Thai society in many ways.Thai people adopted these cultures as their own.As Thai people realize the consequences of adopting other cultures, it results in a positive direction toward Thai society.In our opinion we should give credit to these cultures for the changes that they have made.Therefore, if Thai people did not follow them, Thailand would not be the most developed country in Asia.

Please note that this sample paper on Cultural Influences in Thailand is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Cultural Influences in Thailand, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on Cultural Influences in Thailand will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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